Comprehensive

Baker, T. E., et. al. (2003) “Evaluation of the use of scrap tires in transportation related applications in the State of Washington.” Washington State DOT. (WA)

Benson, C.H. (1995), “Using Shredded Scrap Tires in Civil and Environmental Construction,” Resource Recycling, Vol. 14, No. 10, Oct.  (WI)

Hylands, K. N. and Sulman, V. (2003) “Civil engineering applications tyres.” (INT-UK)

Korte, R.A. (1988), “Minnesota’s Answer to the Scrap Tire Disposal Problem,” Public Works, Vol. 119, No. 12, pp. 64-65.  (MN)

“More than $1 million in grants awarded to strengthen Ohio’s scrap tire recycling efforts.” (2006) Ohio Department of Natural Resources.(OH)

Tirechips.com Application examples. (MN)

The Use of Post-Consumer Tyres as Aggregate (INT-UK)

Various New York projects (NY)

Various Virginia projects (VA)

Flowable Fill

Pierce, C. E. and Blackwell, M. C. “Potential of scrap tire rubber as lightweight aggregate in flowable fill.” (SC)

Concrete Products

Asphalt (Rubber Modified)

2003 Annual Report to the Legislature and the California Integrated Waste Management Board Senate Bill 876 Waste and Used Tires (CA)

Paving Has Begun (SC)

Sunthonpagasit, N. and Hickman, L. “Manufacturing and utilizing crumb rubber from scrap tires".

Three Demonstration Projects Successfully Completed (SC)

Granular Base Material (“Rubber Sands,” Under Roads & Structures)

Abichou, T., et. al. (2004) “Behavior of a soil-tire shreds backfill for modular block-wall.” Recycled Materials in Geotechnics. (WI)

Bernal, A., Salgado, R., Swan, R.H., Jr., and Lovell, C. (1997), “Interaction Between Tire Shreds, Rubber-Sand, and Geosynthetics,” Geosynthetics International, Vol. 4, No. 6, pp. 623-643. 

Lee, K. (2003) “Lightly cemented scrap tire chips as LGM for construction of earth structures.”

Lovell, C. W. (1996) “Laboratory study on the use of tire shreds and rubber sand in backfills and reinforced soil applications.” (IN)

Structural Fill & Embankments

Aquaterra Systems, Waren County, private forest road (2004) (NY)

Baker, T. E., et. al. (2003) “Evaluation of the Use of Scrap Tires in Transportation Related Applications in the State of Washington.” (WA)

BCD Tire Chip Manu., Inc., Schenectady County, indoor-outdoor riding area drainage (2003) (NY)

Casings, Inc., Catskill, Greene County, parking lot drainage (1990’s) (NY)

Dave Osbom’s Family Fun Park, Catskill, Greene County, private driveway (1990) (NY)

Delaware County, CR-20 near Broome Co. border, frost-heave solution (2000) (NY)

Delaware County, stormwater management structure lining (2004) (NY)

Eaton, R. A., Roberts, R. J., and Humphrey, D. N. (1994) “Gravel Road Test Sections Insulated with Scrap Tire Chips: Construction and the First Year's Results.” (ME)

Engstrom, G. M. and Lamb, R. (1994) “Using shredded waste tires as a lightweight fill material for road subgrades.” Minnesota DOT. (MN)

“Funding Innovative Uses for Scrap Tires.” BioCycle. (TX,NY)

Ghani, A.N.A. (2003). Shredded Scrap Tire Based Lightweight Geomaterial for Civil Engineering Works. Japan: JICA.

Greene, M. J. “Room for a view: Treading lightly in New York.” (NY)

Hannon, J.B., and Forsyth, R.A. (1973), "Fill Stabilization Using Non-Biodegradable Waste Products - Phase I," Report No. CA-DOT-TL-2124-1-72-25, Transportation Laboratory, California Department of Transportation, Sacramento, CA,

Hoppe, E. J. and Mullen, W. G. (2004) “Final report: Field study of a shredded-tire embankment in Virginia.” (VA)

Hossain, M., et. al. (1996) “A Study of Tire Chips as Road Construction Material.” Semisequicentennial Transportation Conference Proceedings, Iowa State University. (KS)

Humphrey, D. N.  “Tire Derived Aggregate – A New Road Building Material.” (ME, CA)

I-87, near Plattsburgh, overpass (2004-5) (NY)

I-87, north of Albany between exits 15 & 16, traffic cross-over (2006) (NY)

Mackenzie, C. and Saarenketo, T. (2003) “The B871 Tyre Bale Project: The use of recycled tyre bales in a lightweight road embankment over peat.” Roadscanners. (INT-UK)

Messinger, B. “Madison County to use scrap tires.” (NY)

Modern Tire Recycling, Lewiston, Niagara County, natural aggregate replacement (1999) (NY)

National Fuel Supply Corp., Hamburg, Erie County, pipeline bedding (1990’s) (NY)

NYS Office of General Services, Erie County, backfill material (1990’s) (NY)

NYS Thruway Authority, between interchanges 53 & 54, near Buffalo, embankment (2002) (NY)

NYSDOT, Rte. 17 (now I-86) Exit 79, near Binghamton, embankment (1999) (NY)

Private Residence, Saugerties, Ulster County, private driveway (1990’s) (NY)

Private Residence, Ulster County, foundation backfill (2000’s) (NY)

Private Residence, Ulster County, foundation backfill (2005) (NY)

“Professor’s Data Supports Use of Tire Shreds in Road Construction.” Scrap Tire News. (MN)

Ridge Runners Gun Club, Kingston, Ulster County, gun range backstop (1990’s) (NY)

“Recycling tires: Tire chip utilization for retaining wall backfill.” Nebraska State Recycling Association. (NE)

Salgado, R., Yoon, S., and Siddiki, N. Z. “Construction of Tire Shreds Test Embankment.” Indiana DOT.  

South Stream Enterprises, Fulton County, driveway/parking lot base (2000’s) (NY)

SR-240X, Cattaraugus County, fill behind bridge approaches (2006) (NY)

Stephens Associates Consulting Engineers, LLC Receives ACEC/MA Engineering Excellence Award.  (MA)

Suzanne, D. (1998) “State to test tire shreds in highway construction.” CNY Business Journal.  (NY)

“Tire chips used to repair sunken street.” Scrap Tire News. (MN)

Tire Derived Aggregate.  (CA)

Tire Recycling Inc., Saugerties, Ulster County, private parking lot (1990’s) (NY)

The Tire Shredder, Schoharie County, foundation backfill (1990’s) (NY)

Tires Used as Lightweight Fill in California Interchange Project. (CA)  

Town of Craik Testimonial (Canada)

Town of Norquay Testimonial (Canada)

Town of Shawangunk, Wallkill, Ulster County, retaining wall backfill at transfer station (1990’s) (NY)

“Victory laps: leaders are emerging in the quest to turn scrap tires into marketable secondary commodities.” (2004)

Village of Kelliher Testimonial (Canada)

Village of McLean Testimonial (Canada)

Zornberg, J. G., Christopher, B. R., and Oosterbaan, M. D. (2006) “Tire bales in highway applications.” Transportation Research Digest, January. (CO)

Zornberg, J. G. and LaRocque, C. J. (2006) “Engineering Properties of Tire Bales for Soil Repairs and Embankment Construction.” Center for Transportation Research, The University of Texas at Austin.  (TX)

Manufactured Soil (Agronomic, Crowne III, Rebound, Artificial Turf Infill)

“Funding Innovative Uses for Scrap Tires.” BioCycle. (IL)

Landfill Construction

Albany County, gas collection lines (current) (NY)

Ava, Oneida County, leachate collection (current) (NY)

Boyer, M. (2002) “Landfill caps, power plant fuel and rethinking pollution aid in recycling.” Cincinnati Enquirer. (OH)

Canup, D.H. (1995), “Texas Landfill Uses Old Tires to Collect Leachate,” World Wastes, Sept., pp. 13-14. (TX)

Clinton County, leachate collection system (current) (NY)

DANC, Jefferson County, landfill gas system (current) (NY)

GeoSyntec Consultants (1998), “Tire shreds as final cover foundation layer material at municipal solid waste landfils,” prepared for the California Integrated Waste Management Board, Sacramento, CA.

GeoSyntec Consultants, (1998) “Tire shreds as leachate drainage material at municipal solid waste landfills.” prepared for the California Integrated Waste Management Board, Sacramento, CA.

GeoSyntec Consultants, (1998) “Tire shreds as operations layer material at municipal solid waste landfills.” prepared for the California Integrated Waste Management Board, Sacramento, CA.

Hakes C&D, Steuben County, leachate collection (current) (NY)

High Acres, Monroe County, leachate collection (current) (NY)

 “Liner and drainage layer protection: Tire chips.” (2000) Kentucky Division of Waste Management. (KY)

Madison County, leachate collection system (2001) (NY)

Mill Seat, Monroe County, leachate collection (current) (NY)

Modern, Niagara County, leachate collection system (1996-present) (NY)

Old tires provide environmentally friendly cover (IL)

Phaneuf, R. and Glander, C. (2003) “Using tire chips in landfill leachate collection and removal systems.” (NY)

Reddy, K. R. and Marella, A. “Properties of different size scrap tire shreds: Implications on using as drainage material in landfill cover systems.”

“Scrap Tire Workshop: Construction applications for landfills.” (2005) Barker Lemar Engineering Consultants, Iowa Department of Natural Resources. (IA)

Seneca Meadows, Seneca County, leachate collection liner (1997-present) (NY)

Shredded tires a cheap, environmentally friendly way to cover landfills (IL)

"Tire chip use in landfills and other civil engineering applications.” (1999) Kentucky Natural Resources and Environmental Protection Cabinet, DEP, Division of Waste Management. (KY)

Town of Brookshaven, Suffolk County, Long Island, landfill roads & berm construction (1990’s-present) (NY)

Town of Colonie, Albany County, landfill roads, gas collection lines (1990’s-present) (NY)

Septic System Construction

Grimes, B. H., Steinbeck, S., and Amoozegar, A. “Analysis of Tire Chips as a Substitute for Stone Aggregate in Nitrification Trenches of Onsite Septic Systems: Status and Notes on the Comparative Macrobiology of Tire Chip Versus Stone Aggregate Trenches.” (NC)

Higgins, A.J., Suhr, J.L., Rahman, M.S., Singley, M.E., and Rajput, V.S. (1987), “Shredded Rubber Tires as a Bulking Agent for Composting Sewage Sludge,” Report No. EPA/600/S2-87/026, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Water Engineering Research Laboratory, Cincinnati, OH.

Kaup-Fett, A., Barry, R., and Richmond, L. “Tire-derived chips as a replacement media for gravel aggregate in septic system leaching lines.” (OH)

Scrap Tire Management in New Jersey

Sengupta, S. and Miller, H. J. (1999) “Preliminary investigation of tire shreds for use in residential subsurface leaching field systems.” Chelsea Center for MA

“Tire Chips:  A Growing Trend as Aggregate.” (2004) (NJ)

Zicari, L. (2006) “Use of tire derived aggregate in septic systems.” (NY)

Feedstock (for new Rubber Materials)

“Funding Innovative Uses for Scrap Tires.” BioCycle. (NC)

Technical Specifications

“Beneficial Use of Tire Shreds as Lightweight Fill.” (2001) NEWMOA Fact Sheet (New England, NY)

Edeskar, T. (2004) “Technical and Environmental Properties of Tyre Shreds Focusing on Ground Engineering Applications.” (Sweden)

Rowe, K. R. and Mcisaac, R. (2005) “Clogging of tire shreds and gravel permeated with landfill leachate.” Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering. Vol. 131, No. 6, p. 682-693.

Environmental Issues

Civil Engineers Putting Waste Tires to Good Use While Supporting Wyoming Economic Development. (WY)

Edeskar, T. (2004) “Technical and Environmental Properties of Tyre Shreds Focusing on Ground Engineering Applications.”  (Sweden)

Humphrey, D. N. “Field study of water quality effects of tire shreds placed below the water table.” (ME)

Liu, H.S., Mead, J.L., and Stacer, R.G. (1998),“Environmental Impacts of Recycled Rubber in Light Fill Applications,” Department of Plastics Engineering, University of Massachusetts at Lowell, Lowell, MA, 30 p. (MA)

Poole, S. L. (1998) “Scrap and shredded tire fires.” U.S. Fire Administration.

Cost Considerations

Bond, D. (2005) “Technical and cost benefits of recycled and secondary aggregates: Supply chain case studies (infrastructure).” Waste & Resources Action Programme. (UK)

Humphrey, D. N., Dunn, P. A., and Merfeld, P. S. (2000) “Tire Shreds Save Money for Maine.” (ME)

Erosion Control

Marina at Lighthouse Point, Rouses Point, Clinton County, breakwater (1990’s) (NY)

Nairn, R. W. (2004) “Effectiveness of tire mattresses used for erosion control and stream bank stabilization.” (OK)

Town of Shawangunk, Wallkill, Ulster County, erosion control mat for riprap substitute (1990’s) (NY)

Town of Webb, Old Forge, Herkimer County, erosion control at snowmobile trail culvert crossings (1990’s) (NY)

Structures

Chestertown Conservation Club, Warren County, berm and backstop at shooting range, (1990’s) (NY)

Fort Drum, Jefferson County, earthen wall for house to train army personel (1990’s) (NY)

Private Residence, Schenectady County, earthen landscape retaining wall (2005) (NY)

Private Residence, Tompkins County, earthen walls for house (1990’s) (NY)

Tyre Space

TYRE_SPACE© Elastic Building Frames Applied in Urban and Rural Environments

Sara Spa Rod & Gun Club, Saratoga County, backstop at shooting range (2006) (NY)

Tire Bales

Adirondack International Speedway, Lewis County, crash absorber racetrack barrier walls (2000’s) (NY)

Arthritis Foundation, Albany, crash absorber, temporary racetrack barrier walls (2000’s) (NY)

Chautauqua County, lightweight tire bales, drainage (2001-2004) (NY)

Washington County, lightweight tire bales, drainage (2002) (NY)